DISEASES: Common cucurbit diseases include powdery mildew, downy mildew, bacterial wilt, and phytophthora. Spacing requirements may vary, so check for individual variety recommendations. In-row spacing varies depending on fruit size and is generally: small, 18-24" medium, 24-36" and large to extra-large, 36-72". PLANT SPACING: For between-row spacing, bush plants require 4-5', short-vine habits require 6', and long-vine habits generally require 12'. Thin to 1 plant per spacing interval after seedlings are established. Sow 2 seeds at the appropriate spacing interval for the variety's vine length, 1/2-1" deep. DIRECT SEEDING: Sow in late spring when soil is at least 70☏ (21☌) and frost danger has passed. Handle seedlings carefully minimal root disturbance is best. After danger of frost has passed, transplant out according to the spacing recommendations for each variety. Harden plants 4–7 days prior to transplanting. Thin with scissors to 1 plant/container or cell with scissors. TRANSPLANTING: Sow 2-3 seeds per 2" container or plug flat about 3 weeks prior to transplanting. Overexposure to sun in the field after maturity and foliage dieback reduces fruit and handle color quality. Time plantings so that varieties will mature for the fall market. Poor fruit development may indicate insufficient pollination. ![]() Row covers should be removed when plants begin to flower. Plastic mulch and fabric row covers (AG-19 grade) can aide plant establishment and exclude insect pests during the seedling stage. CULTURE: Fertile, well-drained soil with a pH of 5.8–6.8 is best.
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